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许多人曾以为,这场终于可以证明机器人是“就业杀手”的预言是对的。2020年年中,美国国家经济研究局(TheNationalBureauofEconomicResearch)发表的一篇被广为引用的论文认为“可能会加速工作自动化进程”;另一篇论文则断言“强化了自动化的趋势及影响”。国际货币组织(IMF)发表的一篇论文也质疑期间失去的工作岗位能否“回归”。这些观点有一部分基于这样的逻辑:既然机器人不会生病请假,老板们自然会选择它们而非工人——之前有几次疫病大流行期间的情况似乎就是这样。预言家们强调,自动化的间歇性爆发往往发生在经济衰退时期。 但是,两年时间过去了,虽然全球投资支出正在飙升,可并没有发现多少自动化导致失业的证据。相反的情况是,一些发达国家还面临着劳动力短缺的问题。英国《经济学人》杂志估计,整个经济合作与发展组织国家未填补的岗位空缺已达到创纪录的3000万个——这和不再需要人类劳动力的观点是矛盾的。人们通常认为低技能岗位更容易被机器人所取代,然而这类工人的工资增长速度却异常迅速。在美国,仍没有什么证据表明高度重复性的岗位相对于其他岗位正在减少。 不仅如此,美国罗格斯大学(RutgersUniversity)针对美国2009至2017年机器人与自动化对经济、就业和薪资的影响的研究表明,近10年强劲的经济复苏粉饰了机器人对整体就业市场的冲击,受教育程度低的劳动者仍未完全被取代。 统计显示,2009年至2017年美国工业机器人的数量增长了两倍以上,劳动者与制造机器人的比率从每千人0.813台上升至1.974台。若从地区来看,尤以中西部的机器人密度,至少是其他地区的2倍。 同样是在这段时间,美国就业市场的增长显著而稳定,尽管众多工厂使用机器人的数量在增加,但劳动者聘用率却也跟着提高,包括受教育程度较低的年轻男性以及受教育程度较低的成年女性。 这项研究认为,尽管机器人时代的确已经来临,但几乎没有(或尚未有)证据证明机器人导致人类的工作被取代。不过自动化趋势下有赢家也有输家,尽管机器人对美国整体就业的影响很小,但在某种程度上确实有产业、地区和人口的区别。 此外,机器人造成的工作机会减少局面之所以对整体就业率影响不大,可能是因为在强劲的经济增长和低失业率的环境下,劳动者即使被取代仍然可以找到其他工作,但是薪资可能会降低。 自动化反而可能会增加就业近,来自法国和英国研究机构的经济学家菲利普·阿吉昂、席林·安东宁、西蒙·比内尔和泽维尔·贾拉维尔提出了关于机器人的新观点——自动化的直接结果可能是在企业层面上增加就业,而不是减少就业。这听上去有点反常识,但它的确有坚实的微观经济学基础在支撑:自动化可能会让企业盈利更多,因此企业会扩大规模、大举招人。与此同时,技术创新也可能会让企业进一步开拓新的领域,或专注于更加劳动密集型的产品和服务。 《经济学人》的报道称,越来越多的研究都支持这种观点。美国耶鲁大学的研究人员回顾了1978年到2017年日本制造业的情形,他们发现,每1000名工人对应的机器人数量每增加一台,企业的员工人数就会增加2.2%。 美国麻省理工学院的研究人员在认真研究了芬兰企业的情况后发现,采用先进的技术后反而会雇用更多的工人。美国斯坦福大学和英国伦敦政治经济学院的研究人员在一项尚未发表的研究中观察了英国工业领域对机床的应用情况,发现自动化“与企业的生存有很强的正相关性,而且更高程度的初始自动化与就业增加有关”。 虽然如今经济学家们的态度看似发生了180度大转弯,但也不能简单地说他们之前的观点错了。
ctrify one of the largest manufacturers of medium- and heavy-duty trucks
PACCAR Parts to provide advanced ABB charging solutions up to 350 kW to service PACCAR fleet operations across North America and Europe
Partnership will increase operating efficiency and sustainability for PACCAR’s extensive dealer network of 2,265 locations in more than 100 countries
ABB is partnering with PACCAR, a global leader in the design, manufacture, and customer support of high-quality premium trucks, to provide PACCAR dealers and their customers with a range of advanced charging solutions across its fleet operations in North America and Europe. In the United States alone, medium- and heavy-duty trucks account for approximately 25 percent of the total greenhouse gas emissions from the transportation sector.1
“Pairing ABB, a global leader in fleet electrification, with PACCAR, one of the largest manufacturers of medium- and heavy-duty trucks, is a strategic and sustainable partnership that will accelerate e-fleet expansion and adoption as well as reduce carbon and noise emissions in the transportation sector,” said Frank Muehlon, President of ABB’s E-mobility division. “Like PACCAR, ABB sees tremendous opportunity in electrifying the trucking industry and is committed to delivering safe, smart and sustainable electrification solutions for fleet charging.”
These innovative electric vehicles have batteries that are powerful enough for Peterbilt, Kenworth, DAF CF Electric and LF Electric truck models that require on-demand fast charging for the short dwell times of their fleet routes. ABB’s charging systems help optimize fleet charging with high-power, quick charge breaks or lower power, load-managed overnight charging for longer haul routes and last mile delivery.
“We are pleased to partner with ABB to bring this outstanding solution to our customers and dealers on a global scale,” said John Rich, PACCAR Chief Technology Officer. “Customers will receive the industry-leading operating efficiency and environmental benefits of Peterbilt, Kenworth and DAF zero emissions truck models, combined with ABB’s market-leading EV charging technology.”
以下是我司【主营产品】,有需要可以发来帮您对比下价格哦!
〖⒈〗ABB系列产品===PLC模块,可编程控制器,CPU模块,IO模块,DO模块,AI模块,DI模块,触摸屏,驱动器,IGCT。
〖⒉〗Schneider(施耐德电气)系列产品===140CPU系列,140CPE系列,140全系列模块
〖⒊〗General electric(通用电气)系列产品===IS200系列,IC693系列,IC695系列,IC698系列,CPU模块及其他GE全系列产品
〖⒋〗Westinghouse(美国西屋)系列产品===1C31系列,5X00系列等 西屋模块。
〖5〗Allen-Bradley(美国AB)系列产品===1756系列,1769系列,AB全系列产品可订货。
〖6〗Invensys Foxboro(福克斯波罗)===FCP系列,FCM系列,FBM系列
〖7〗Bosch Rexroth(博世力士乐)===控制器,驱动器,电机,放大板
〖8〗TRNEX (英维思)===3721 ,3625 ,3101 ,3503E,4351B,等等英维思全系列模块
〖9〗BENTLY (本特利)===3500系列,3300系列等 本特利各系列模块
〖10〗HONEYWELL(霍尼韦尔)===CC系列,05701系列,513系列,514系列等,霍尼韦尔各系列模块。
〖11〗KOLLMORGEN(科尔摩根)===S203系列驱动器,6SM系列电机等,各系列驱动器,控制器,电机
更多欧美进口品牌欢迎您来询价,我将会给您一个比同行更美丽的价格,厦门雄霸期待与您长期合作携手共赢!
Both companies are committed to sustainably serving their customers as well as their own operations. All PACCAR manufacturing locations are ISO 14001 certified, and more than 80 percent are zero-waste-to-landfill, while ABB is progressing toward circular operations as well as carbon neutrality by electrifying its vehicle fleet, sourcing 100 percent renewable electricity, and improving energy efficiency across its sites by 2030.
Notes to editors:As part of the recently signed Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act, the US is expected to allocate $7.5 billion to build out the national network of EV chargers and invest over $5 billion in clean transit buses to accelerate EV adoption, reduce air pollution and create jobs. ABB will support the expansion of the country’s charging network and help meet the goals of the Act by offering a full range of charging and electrification solutions for cars, trucks, buses, and vans, as well as for ships and railways.
To date, ABB has sold more than 680,000 electric vehicle chargers across more than 85 markets; over 30,000 DC fast chargers and 650,000 AC chargers, including those sold through Chargedot.BB (ABBN: SIX Swiss Ex) is a leading global technology company that energizes the transformation of society and industry to achieve a more productive, sustainable future. By connecting software to its electrification, robotics, automation and motion portfolio, ABB pushes the boundaries of technology to drive performance to new levels. With a history of excellence stretching back more than 130 years, ABB’s success is driven by about 105,000 talented employees in over 100 countries.
PACCAR Parts, a division of PACCAR offers electric vehicle (EV) charging stations, which maximize coverage over a full range of Peterbilt, Kenworth and DAF electric vehicles, with output power from 20 kilowatts (kW) to 350 kW. Customers can rely on the expertise of PACCAR Parts and its infrastructure partners to tailor EV charger solutions to fit the needs of any size fleet. EV chargers can be purchased from Peterbilt, Kenworth and DAF dealers.