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| 品牌 |
施耐德 |
型号 |
140DRA84000C |
| 类型 |
DCS |
加工定制 |
否 |
| 是否进口 |
是 |
|
注塑成型工艺有几个基本步骤:材料准备、注塑、脱模和质量保证。尽管这是一个成熟的制造过程,但每个步骤都面临着自动化和日益智能的工业控制带来的挑战和好处。
注塑成型工艺材料准备
注塑成型过程中的系列步骤包括配料、混合和加热原材料。塑料珠或再生塑料碎片被送入混合料斗。珠子的大小、形状、成分和颜色会影响最终产品。珠子颜色经常混合以达到所需的颜色;但是,可以添加增塑剂以改善流动性和均匀性等。
受益于机器视觉的一个领域是颜色匹配和均匀性。在机器视觉出现之前,一些零件的颜色会有细微的变化,因为颜色是通过配方而不是通过实时测量来选择的。相反,通过训练有素的机器视觉,可以在混合过程中改变颜色,从而使零件之间的颜色变化低于人眼的检测极限。
使用电加热将珠粒混合并熔化。加热器控制使用来自热电偶、热敏电阻或 RTD的反馈回路来监控温度。这必须严格控制,因为塑料在过热时会降解,并且颜色会受到不同的影响。允许部分杂质烧掉,但此步骤需要精密控制。
此外,熔化通常发生在螺旋钻桶中,朝向模具。这意味着通过料筒的温度分布必须得到良好的控制和跟踪,以确保正确熔融和混合的塑料从螺旋料筒进入注塑模具。系统设计者必须集成螺旋钻旋转控制和加热曲线。
注射
注射过程看起来很简单:熔融塑料流入模具并冷却。事实证明,这个过程要复杂得多。
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The first series of steps in the injection molding process involves batching, blending, and heating the raw materials. Plastic beads or shreds of recycled plastic are fed into a mixing hopper. The size, shape, composition, and color of the beads will impact the final product. Bead colors are often mixed to achieve the desired color; however, plasticizers may be added to improve flow properties and uniformity, and so on.
One area that has benefitted from machine vision is color matching and uniformity. Before machine vision, some parts would have minor variations in color, as the colors were selected by recipe rather than through real-time measurements. Conversely, with well-trained machine vision, the colors can be altered during mixing so that the part-to-part color variation is below the detection limits of the human eye.
The beads are mixed and melted using electric heating. The heater controls use a feedback loop from either a thermocouple, thermistor, or RTD to monitor the temperature. This must be tightly controlled because plastics degrade under excessive heat, and colors will be affected differently. Some of the impurities are allowed to burn out, but precision control is needed in this step.
Furthermore, the melting often occurs in the auger barrel, headed toward the mold. This means the temperature profile through the barrel must be well-controlled and tracked to ensure that properly melted and mixed plastic is exiting the auger barrel into the injection molding dies. The system designer must integrate the auger rotation controls and heating profile.