23ZG20B-E GJR2368300R0301 ABB耦合模块

　　电动汽车吸引买家的原因有很多：与汽油燃料汽车相比，它们产生的排放量更少，可以以显着更低的成本运行，并提供更好的长期前景。3–5

　　然而，让更多人改用电动汽车的挑战之一长期以来一直是他们一次充电可以行驶的有限范围。6然而，这一障碍正在稳步克服。

　　电池技术的逐步改进正在上升，电动汽车的续航里程随着每一次进步而扩大，这使得拥有电动汽车成为下一代驾驶员更可行的选择。

　　然而，提高电池容量的尝试可能会带来某些挑战。主要问题与冷却有关。电池在充电和放电时会产生热量。因此，电池存储的能量越多，充电或放电的速度越快，它产生的热量就越多。

　　完全电动的车辆配备了冷却系统，可在车辆的电力电子设备和电池组中保持特定的温度限制。冷却系统的主要作用是确保电池温度保持在安全运行范围内。

　　如果任何给定电池中的锂离子电池组的温度过热，它会引发称为热失控的连锁反应，其中整个电池组会经历灾难性的放热分解。7

　　当然，防止过热和热失控至关重要。大多数 EV 冷却系统旨在使电池组在大多数时间保持在工作温度。

　　通常，这意味着在 15 - 35 °C 范围内接近均匀的温度分布。8如果允许整个电池组的温度发生显着变化或超出此特定范围，则充电时间和效率可能会受到负面影响，从而导致电池使用寿命缩短。

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　　Electric vehicles are appealing to buyers for many reasons: they produce fewer emissions, can be operated at significantly lower costs and offer improved long-term prospects compared to gasoline-fueled cars.3–5

　　However, one of the greatest challenges in getting more people to convert to electric vehicles has long been the limited range that they can travel on a single charge.6 However, this obstacle is steadily being overcome.

　　Incremental improvements in battery technology are on the rise, and the maximum range of electric vehicles is extended with each advance, making electric vehicle ownership a more viable option for a future generation of drivers.

　　The Importance of Cooling Systems in Electric Vehicles

　　Attempts at improving battery capacity, however, can present certain challenges. The main question is related to cooling. Batteries generate heat when they charge and discharge. Therefore, the more energy a battery stores and the more quickly it charges or discharges, the more heat it will tend to create.

　　Vehicles that are entirely electric are equipped with a cooling system that maintains particular temperature limits in the vehicle’s power electronics and battery packs. The main role of the cooling system is to ensure that the battery temperature remains within safe operating limits.

　　If the lithium-ion battery pack’s temperature in any given cell gets too hot, it can provoke a chain reaction known as thermal runaway, in which the complete battery pack experiences catastrophic exothermic decomposition.7

　　Preventing overheating and thermal runaway is, of course, critical. The majority of EV cooling systems aim to keep battery packs at their optimum operating temperature most of the time.

　　Usually, this means a close-to-uniform temperature distribution in the 15 - 35 °C range.8 If temperatures are allowed to significantly vary throughout the pack or fall outside this particular range, then charging times and efficiency can be negatively affected resulting in a reduction in the service life of the battery.