指焊接的焊缝和热影响区的组织和性能达不到使用要求,焊缝的缺陷:焊缝的化学成分不符合要求(有用元素的烧损,有害元素的渗入)。焊缝的组织不符合要求 (焊缝区的结晶具有显著的方向性,粗晶结构)。
The microstructure and properties of welded seam and heat affected zone can not meet the requirements of use, weld defects: the chemical composition of the weld is not required (the burning of the useful elements, the infiltration of the harmful elements). The microstructure of the weld does not meet the requirements.
热影响区的缺陷:组织不符合要求(过热和过烧组织,晶粒粗大,淬硬脆化组织等)。角变形指焊后焊件的平面围绕焊缝产生的角位移。错边变形指在焊接过程中,两焊件的热膨胀不一致,可能引起长度方向的错边和厚度方向上的错边。上述几种类型的变形,在实际生产中往往并不是单独出现的,是同时出现相互影响。
Defects in the heat affected zone: the microstructure does not meet the requirements (overheating and overburning, coarse grain, hardened and brittle structure, etc.). Angular displacement is the angular displacement produced by the weld around the weld. The wrong side deformation means that during the welding process, the thermal expansion of the two welds is not consistent, which may cause the wrong direction in the length direction and the wrong side in the thickness direction. The above types of deformation often occur in actual production, but they also affect each other at the same time.
指焊接后残余结构中的变形。焊接结构焊接后一般都会有不同程度的残余变形,如果焊接结构的变形量超过了允许值,造成焊接缺陷影响使用性能。
It refers to the deformation of the residual structure after welding. After welding, the residual deformation of the welding structure is usually different. If the deformation of the welding structure exceeds the allowable value, the welding defect will affect the performance of the welding.
焊接残余变形的常见类型,波浪变形指焊件焊后呈波浪形。纵向收缩变形焊缝焊后在焊缝方向上发生的变形。绕曲变形指焊件焊后发生的绕曲。可以有焊缝的纵向收缩引起也可以由焊缝的横向收缩引起。横向收缩变形指焊件焊后在垂直方向上发生的变形。螺旋变形指焊件焊后在结构上发生的扭曲。
The common types of welding residual deformation are wavy deformation and wave shape after welding. Longitudinal shrinkage deformation occurs when weld seam is welded in the direction of weld. Winding deformation refers to the wound that occurs after welding. The longitudinal shrinkage of the weld can also be caused by transverse contraction of the weld. Transverse shrinkage deformation refers to the deformation of welded parts in vertical direction after welding. Distortion of the spiral welded structure after welding.
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